Western Hemlock

Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg. - Pine family

Size

Mature Height: Up to around 170.0 feet

Planting Distance: 6.0 feet

Plant Type: Tree

Root Depth: 36 inches

Growth Form: Single Stem

Growth Rate: Slow

Features

Flower Color: Yellow, Green, Brown

Conspicuous Flowers: No

Bloom Time: Mid Spring, Late Spring

Seasonal Growth: Spring and Summer

Evergreen: Yes

Fall Colors: No

Conditions

Shade Tolerance: Tolerant

Clay Soil Tolerance: No

Sandy Soil Tolerance: No

Drought Tolerance: Low

Flood Tolerance: None

Fire Tolerance: Low

Salt Tolerance: None

Ecosystem Interactions

Pollinators: Larval Host (Butterfly); Larval Host (Moth); Wind

Larval Species depending on Western Hemlock: Achytonix praeacuta, Acleris gloverana, Acleris gloveranus, Acleris variana, Adelphagrotis stellaris, Agrochola pulchella, Anagoga occiduaria, Anavitrinella pampinaria, Apotomops wellingtoniana, Archips packardiana, Argyresthia tsuga , Argyrotaenia niscana, Argyrotaenia tabulana, Aseptis binotata, Callophrys eryphon, Campaea perlata, Caripeta aequaliaria, Caripeta divisata, Choristoneura fumiferana, Choristoneura rosaceana, Cladara limitaria, Clemensia albata, Coleotechnites atrupictella, Dasychira grisefacta, Dasychira vagans, Dasypyga alternosquamella, Diarsia esurialis, Dysstroma citrata, Ectropis crepuscularia, Egira perlubens, Eilema bicolor, Enypia griseata, Enypia packardata, Enypia venata, Epinotia tsugana, Epirrita autumnata omissa, Epirrita pulchraria, Erannis tiliaria vancouverensis, Eulithis propulsata, Eulithis xylina, Eupithecia annulata, Eupithecia filmata, Eupithecia graefii vanxouverata, Eupithecia harrisonata, Eupithecia longipalpata, Eupithecia luteata bifasciata, Eupithecia olivacea, Eupithecia palpata, Eupithecia placidata, Eupithecia transcanadata, Eupithecia unicolor, Eupithecia usurpata, Euplexia benesimilis, Eustroma fasciata, Feralia comstocki, Feralia jocosa, Gabriola dyari, Griselda radicana, Hesperumia sulphuraria, Hydriomena californiata, Hydriomena irata, Hydriomena marinata exasperata, Hydriomena renunciata, Hydriomena speciosata, Hypagyrtis piniata, Lambdina fiscellaria, Lambdina fiscellaria lugubrosa, Lambdina fiscellaria somniaria, Lithophane innominata, Lophocampa argentata, Malacosoma californica pluvialis, Melanolophia imitata, Mitoura nelsoni nelsoni, Mniotype miniota, Nematocampa filamentaria, Neoalcis californiaria, Neophasia menapia, Nepytia canosaria, Nepytia phantasmaria, Nepytia umbrosaria, Nepytia umbrosaria nigrovenaria, Operophtera occidentalis, Orgyia antiqua, Orgyia antiqua badia, Orgyia pseudotsugata, Orthosia hibisci, Palthis angulalis, Panthea portlandia - group, Papestra cristifera, Pero behrensaria, Pero mizon, Pero morrisonaria, Phlogophora periculosa, Promylea lunigerella, Protoboarmia porcelaria, Protoboarmia porcelaria indicataria, Pseudorthodes irrorata, Sabulodes edwardsata, Semiothisa adonis, Semiothisa granitata-group, Semiothisa perplexa, Semiothisa signaria, Semiothisa unipunctaria, Spiramater lutra, Stenoporpia albescens, Stenoporpia pulmonaira albescens, Stenoporpia pulmonaira satisfacta, Sunira decipiens, Synaxis pallulata, Syngrapha alias, Syngrapha celsa, Syngrapha rectangula, Syngrapha selecta, Thallophaga hyperborea, Thallophaga taylorata, Tolype dayi, Tolype laricis, Xestia homogena, Xestia mustelina, Zale minerea norda, Zeiraphera diniana, Zeiraphera fortunana, Zeiraphera ratzeburgiana

Native Range

  • USA:  Alaska, California, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington
  • CAN:  Alberta, British Columbia
Regional Native Status: L48 (N), AK (N), CAN (N)

State-level native status is based on data available through Plants of the World Online. Regional Native Status comes from the USDA Plants Database. For more detailed native status information, please refer to BONAP.